Fuel-injector.



E. M. SMITH.- FUEL INJECTOR APPLIGATIONIILED JULY 20,1909.

Patented Feb. 20, 1912v 2 SHIIETSSHBET 1.

anvanfoz atkouwi E. M. SMITH.

FUEL INJECTOR APPLICATION FILED JULY 20,1909.

1301mm Patented Feb.20,1912.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

EDWARD M. SMITH, or FALL RIVER, MA'ssAonUsn'r'rs.

rusnnvasoron.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Feb. 20,1912.

Application filed July 20, 1999. Serial No. 508,668.

.To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, EDWARD M. SMrrH, a citizen of the United States,, residingat Fall River, in the county of Bristol, State of Massachusetts, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Fuel-Injectors; and I do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same.

This invention relates to improvements in internal combustion motors of the type known as crank-case compression engines and the principal object of the invention is the provision of an injector adapted to deliver a quantity of combustible liquid into the bypass of the motor upon the suction stroke.

Another object is the provision of a deflector adapted to direct a certain quantity of air into a vaporizing cup upon the compression stroke of the motor.

With these and other objects in view as will more fully hereinafter appear, the present invention consists in certain novel details of construction and arran ement of parts, hereinafter fully described, illustrated in the accompanying drawings and more particularly pointed out in the appended claim; it being understood that various changes in the form, proportion, size and minor details of the device may be made without departing from the spirit or sacrificing any of the advantages of the invention.

In the accompanying drawings forming part of the specification:-Figure 1 is a side elevation of my improved device applied to a two-cycle internal combustion motor, the latter being shown in vertical section. Fig. 2 is a detailed plan view of the device. Fig. 3 is an end view of the device. Fig. 4 is a detailed vertical sectional.

view of the device.

Similar numerals of reference are employed to designate corresponding parts As shown in Fig. l the device is applied to a two-cycle internal combustion engine; it must be understood however, that I am not to be limited to this specific application since it can be readily understood, from what will appear-later, how the device can be equally as well applied to a four-cycle motor. The cylinder of the motor is designated by the numeral 5 and the crank case by the numeral 6. The air-in-take valve of the crank case is designated by the numeral 7, the piston by the numeral 8, and the bypass communicating with the compression space of the cylinder'and crank case by the numeral 9. The bafiie or deflector on the upper end of the piston which is arranged to come directly in front of the outlet of the by-pass leadinginto the cylinder when the lston has completed its downward stroke, 18 designated by the numeral 10, and the exhaust port located in the cylinder wall directly opposite the battle 10 is designated by the numeral 11. Since these parts and their operation are well known to those skilled 1n the art, a detailed description of the same need not be given.

The device forming the subject-matter of the present invention is designated in general by the numeral 12 and is threaded or otherwise secured in an opening in the Wall of the cylinder communicating with the upper end portion of the bypass. 9. The injector proper consists of a casing designated in general by the numeral 13. This casing is substantially right-angular in contour and circular in cross section. portion of the casing is designated by the numeral 14 and thevertical portion which depends from the lower side and adjacent the inner end of the horizontal portion 14 is designated by the numeral 15. The inner end of the horizontal portion 14 terminates in an enlarged annular thickened head 16, the inner face of which is under-cut to a point adjacent its middle so as to provide a circular plug 17 which is exteriorly screw threadedas shown at 18. The plug 17 is designed to be threaded into a circular screw threaded opening formed in the wall of the cylinder and adjacent the upper end of the bypass 9, as clearly shown in Fig. 1. The

horizontal port-ion 14 is provided with an axial bore 19, and the vertical portion 15 is similarly provided .with an axial bore 20, the inner end of which communicates and terminates in the axial bore 19 of the horizontal portion. The bore 19 of the horizontal portion is, adjacent its outer end, provided with a screw thread and threaded into the bore is a needle valve 21. It might The horizontal 1 here be stated that the inner end of the bore 19 extending through the horizontal portion 14 terminates in a converging opening, and the inner end of the needle valve 21 which is provided with a tapered end nicely fits within this opening, so that when the needle valve is turned the quantity of liquid flowa the inner face of the plug 17 is, what will subsequently be termed a vaporizing cup 22; this member is somewhat less in length than the diameter of the plug 17 and is closed at either end by the end walls 23 and 24, as clearly shown in Fig. 2. The bottom of the cup curves upwardly and outwardly as shown at 25 and constitutes the outer side of the cup, while theinner side is formed by the face of the plug 17, as clea'rly shown in Fig. 4. The middle of the cup is in axial alinement with the bore 19 of the horizontal portion 14 ofthe casing so that liquid passing through said bore will flow into the cup. In order to prevent the liquid from splashing upwardly and at the same time to provide a means for directing a curernt of air into the cup, a deflector 26 is employed. This member is preferably formed of a single piece of sheet metal or the like and is of considerably greater length than the length of the cup 22. The opposite end portions of the deflector are bent at right-angles as shown at 26' and 27 in Fig. 2 so as to provide end walls, and the upper side portion of the deflector is curved laterally and downwardly as shown at 28 an d'extends into-the cup to a point adjacent the outletof the bore 19. It might here be stated that the end Walls 20 and 27 are of greater width than the cup 22 and their inner edges are bent at right angles as shown at 29, so as to provide lugs, which have openings for the receptionof bolts or screws by means of which the deflector is fixedly secured to the inner face of the plug 17.

lVith this. construction it is obvious thatthe side wall 30 of the deflector will be disposed in advance of the cup and that a space will exist between the said vertical wall 30 and outer face of the cup. The curved portion 28 extending into the cup is spaced from the upper edge of the front wall 25 and is provided with incisions for the reception of the end walls 23 and 24 of the cup. As before stated, the plug 17 is threaded into an opening formed in thewall of the cylinder so that when the parts are in position as shown in Fig. 1 the cup and deflector will be disposed in the bypass 9 and adjacent the upper end thereof and it can be readily seen that air passing upwardly through the by-pass will enter the space between the side wall of the deflector and cup and be, by the curved portion 28 of the deflector, directed downwardly and into the cup, it being understood that the end of the curved portion 28 will be spaced from the face of the plug 17 so that the air will be permitted to escape upwardly and out of the cup as will be presently described.

The extremity of the portion 15 is exteriorly screw threaded for engagement with the upper end of the coupling pipe 31, the lower end of which commlmicates with the oil tank (not shown). Threaded into the lower end of the portion 15 is a sleeve 32, which extends to a point substantially intermediate of the lower end of the. portion 15, and bore 19. The upper edge of this sleeve is beveled and forms a seat for a check valve 33. The check valve 33 is arranged to open upwardly and is held within its seat by a spring 34, which bears on a shoulder in the bore 20 and upper face of the valve 33.

In the operation of the device assuming that the parts are in position as shown in Fig. 1, and the piston begins its upward or suction stroke, the upward movement of the piston willcreate a partial vacuum in the crank case'6,whereby atmospheric pressure will force the in-take valve 7 of the latter inwardly causing air to enter into the crank case. A partial vacuum will likewise be formed in the by-pass 9 and this will lift the check valve 33, whereby the liquid in the tank (not shown) will be siphoned through the bores 20 and 19 and flow into the cup 22. On the downward or compression stroke of the piston, the air which has been sucked into the crank case will now be compressed and forced upwardly and into the bypass 9 and thence a portion of the air will be deflected and directed into the cup 22 by the deflector 30. \Vhen the piston has reached the limit of its downward movement or compression stroke the in-take port of the cylinder will be uncovered by the wall of the piston, whereby the mixture of airand fuel will flow into the cylinder through the intake port of the latter. It will be seen that air passing from the by-pass to the cylinder will when deflected, lift the liquid from the cup 22 and force the latter into the cylinder.' It will be observed that during the compression stroke of the piston the valve 33 Will be great extent, whereby the fuel will be more readily vaporized.

What is claimed as new, is

The combination of a cylinder having a piston therein, an air passage communicating with the cylinder and with a source of air supply, a fuel injector comprising a body having a threaded plug at its inner end adapted to-loe screwed intva wall of the air passage, said body being provided with a needle valve passage extending -longitudinally therethrough, a valvein the passage, :1 fuel passage communicating with the valve passage, a cup on the inner end of said screw plug into which the valve discharges, and a deflector con'iprising a vertical wall spaced from and extending across the outer side of said cup, an inclined 'all curved inwardly and downwardly from the upper'edge of said vertical wall and overhanging said cap,

said deflector being provided with end portions secured to the inner end of said screw plug.

testimony whereof, I affix my: signature,

in presence two witnesses.

E'DVVARD M. SMITH.

\Vitnesses:

DANIEL HOYLE,

HENRY F. Len 

